Began for me my freshman year in college when I was still a commuter, back in my room in my family home while classmates partied late in the dorms.
For them, turntables played the soundtrack of their first year of freedom, and the music was rich. Beatles were at the end of their not-all-that-long winding road, but the Stones were still a crossfire hurricane when Carole King reset the Sixties’ stage with the tapestry of adulthood. Pete, Bob, and Joan went with the furniture and kept us forever young.
There was no lack of color or variety. From purple haze to mellow yellow, from let the sun shine in to rain on the roof, and from a pinball wizard in Soho to tin soldiers in Ohio, we took turns heeding Aretha’s “Think,” joining Grace’s Volunteers, and puffing magic dragons.
No question that the Fifties and early-Sixties were American rock-and-roll’s Golden Age. But I came of age right at the time of the British invasion, and it is that rock that many devoted radio stations have dubbed “classic.” Books celebrating the era, from the mid-Sixties into the early-Seventies, keep appearing every year. Just last decade there seemed to be a contest to pick rock’s most significant year:
1965: The Most Revolutionary Year in Music (2015)
1967: A Complete Rock Music History of the Summer of Love (2017)
1969: The Year Everything Changed (2011)
Never a Dull Moment: 1971, The Year That Rock Exploded (2017)*
As a high school grad in 1968, the year when everything–politically, socially, psychologically–did actually, thoroughly change, I heard all of this and had my favorites. As a freshman in the academic year of 1968-69, I may not have partied night by night with new college friends, but I spent weekends with my old high school crew, cruising the backroads of Groveland and West Newbury in the court of the Crimson King.
It was during weeknights in between when turntables spun in college dorms that I was more in tune with a shortwave radio, a high school graduation present to satisfy a fascination I had since eighth grade. When doing homework, I’d find BCN on the FM dial and leave it there, but during any break and before turning in, I’d turn to the weird band at the top and scroll sideways through the static. At any voice or music, I’d stop, but most were far from clear, and I’d move on. Then came the night that I heard talk that was crystal clear.
Couldn’t understand a word, but I could tell it was Eastern European before I thought I heard the announcer say the names “Brezhnev” and “Khrushchev,” suggesting it was Russian. He went on, and I turned out the lights and hit the pillow staring straight up at the ceiling wondering if I was listening to Radio Moscow or Radio Free Europe. Quite a difference there.
He talked at length, and I was about to pull the plug–closer and easier to find in the dark than the small on-off switch–when he paused briefly and resumed in a whole new tone. Before long I heard, in English, the name “Rolling Stones,” which snapped me wide awake even though I had no idea of what was being said of them. Then came the words, “Gimme Shelter,” followed immediately by the sultry guitar opening of that song.
That night, like most others, I probably smoked a joint before I turned to shortwave, but it had to be redundant. Could it get any higher for a teenager in Lawrence, Mass., in 1969 than to bask in the devil’s sympathy broadcast from the USSR in the dead of night? Take my newfound wings and learn to fly…
Over 50 years later, I spend Tuesday mornings sitting in Chococoa, a Newburyport coffeeshop, with three guitarists who often talk about chords and progressions and diminished this and major that while I, a flautist, quietly pretend I know what it means. That’s fine. I’m content to inhale Kenyan dark roast and savor a lemon-ginger scone in blissfully ignorant silence, so such talk does not fret me.
More often we speak of music that we hear, that we like, that we play, and so we talk about our gigs–for me that’s now just the fall Renaissance festival, sometimes jamming with the Buzzards Bay Buccaneers–and whatever musical news we’ve heard or read since we last met. If I’m the odd-man out in the guitar-talk, I make up for it with a projectionist’s advantage of describing films such as Elvis, Chevalier, and Summer of Gold before my friends have a chance to see them–as well as documentaries such as Little Girl Blue, Amazing Grace, and I’m Your Man in fine detail.
Comparisons, from near to far-flung, abound. A mention of chordal suspensions in Tommy will draw one of the same in Henry Purcell’s Renaissance operas. An account of a performance of Seals and Croft at the Blossom Music Center outside Akron years ago will trigger memories of folk, rock, jazz, and classical concerts at venues such as Red Rocks in Colorado and Tanglewood here in Massachusetts, as well as Steve’s view from onstage at the Alaska Folk Festival.
And random connections. When John insists that “Summer in the City” was the Lovin’ Spoonful’s best song, I let him know that the bassist wrote a biography of the group a few years ago and titled it with the lyric: Hotter than a Matchhead. I also let him know that I once dined in Chez Piggy, wacko lead guitarist Zal Yanofsky’s restaurant in Kingston, Ontario.
Borrowing Dylan’s word, our conversations are all free-wheeling. And the wheels ran on both tracks of comparison and connection when Rob reminded us of the repeated hammering note that serves up Janis Joplin’s wail, “Cry Baby.” Whatever the subject before he mentioned it, the rest of us launched into a list of songs with riveting openings, single phrases that command attention, and remain through the years immediately identifiable.
First that came to mind is what I called the single “chord” that opens “A Hard Day’s Night.” John half agreed: “‘Chord’? That was more of a musical mash.”
Mash? How about one of memorable instumental openings? If you like pinacolada, all day and all of the night, let me take you down to the House of the Rising Sun on a dark desert highway where the taxman has got you, babe!
We agreed that as far as we knew, Beethoven should be credited as a forerunner of this category, if it be a category, with the iconic four-note command opening his Fifth Symphony–made all the more suggestive when adapted as a basis for its sweeping, celebratory third movement. As John notes, we limit it with the oft-used description of “opportunity knocks” when the tempo he gives it later on sounds more like opportunity realized. And I have since learned that it is the only musical composition that has a scripted “audience part.”**
From four notes to six opening Jethro Tull’s “Aqualung.” Not long ago I headlined a Daily News column, “Sitting on a park bench,” knowing that anyone close to my age would hear that with a force that grabbed their attention. Whether they kept reading was another matter, and a peaceful, pastoral piece about taking walks along a salt-marsh may have been quite a surprise to those who did. But readers in the following days confirmed my hunch.
Before Tull’s six were the Rolling Stone’s eight to open “Satisfaction,” although we might credit just the first two notes for doing the trick. The Supremes’ topped–or bottomed–that with a single word, “Stop!” before singing “in the name of love.” Could we credit Aretha with yet more efficiency by using a single letter? I vote no, as the R is too musically linked to the E-S-P-E-C-T to stand alone, although I certainly agree that the seven letters qualify the song for a place high on the list of commanding openings.
Back to instrumental intros: After reliving my Moscow Night in 1969, I fast-forward to a summer afternoon aside Mount Wachusett in Central Mass in the early-Nineties when Shenandoah took the stage and launched into a riff that had us, about 2,000 strong as I recall, bouncing for a few minutes. We barely noticed that Arlo Guthrie was onstage with them, strumming away, before he edged slowly toward the mic front center and, in that distinct, nonchalant nasal tone of his, exhaled, “I don’t want a pickle.”
I still hear the roar. But for the sake of a category of music commonly known, let’s stick to riffs on best-selling records. We might credit Sonny & Cher for “And the Beat Goes On” and Nancy Sinatra for “These Boots Are Made for Walking,” but both of those openings were improvised and offered on the spot by Carol Kaye, virtuoso bassist with the legendary studio musicians called the Wrecking Crew that recorded to perfection the songs of many groups–including the Association, Gary Lewis and the Playboys, and at times even the Beach Boys–who then played them on stages where standards were less exacting.
So Kaye gets two entries, as might Paul Simon if we count the lyric invitation of “Hello darkness my old friend.” Yes or no, there’s what he calls the “banjo-roll” that opens “The Boxer.” Once asked why he never played it in concert, he said, “because I can’t,” but I see that recently he has had banjo virtuoso–and superb interviewer/host of a PBS show, My Music–Rihannon Giddens join him onstage. I know that she has added lyrics that extend the reach of Simon’s “American Tune” to 1619, but have yet to find that she delivers that intro.***
When America delivered a victory to Barack Obama in 2008, Stevie Wonder’s “Signed, Sealed, Delivered” opened the victory celebration with a joyous bounce that fit the faces of the Obama family and everyone on the stage with them as soon as the first note was heard, well beforethe added exhilaration of Wonder’s voice. Here’s hoping we hear it again in November next year.
Rather than keep adding to this list into next year, let me state the obvious: Anyone could make a list as long or longer, as strong or stronger, with completely different titles. Anyone twenty or fifty years younger than I could do it with a list of songs I don’t know, musicians I’ve never heard of. Anyone older might opt for the instumental accompaniment to “Moon River,” “That’s Life,” and “One o’clock, two o’clock, three o’clock rock!”
Not to mention the demographics of glam rock that would favor David Bowie and Queen, yacht rock with Steely Dan and Loggins & Messina, and heavy metal for the musically impaired, the mentally challenged, and the emotionally stunted.
For demographics that include me, Stan Rogers’ ominous opening of “Barrett’s Privateers” is my pick for folk music, while the defiant raunch that opens the Standells’ “Dirty Water” is irresistable to fans of Boston’s pro sports teams. For wind musicians what can possibly outdo Rahsaan Roland Kirk’s opening bars of “Serenade for a Cuckoo”? Really gives us the bird, and the bird is most welcome.
How about I say that I’m here only to start the list, and anyone reading is free to add? Of course there are emphatic openings of songs that immediately devolve into idiot wind. The absurd pronouncement of Arthur Brown’s “Fire” and the cackling laughter of the Surfaris’ “Wipeout” would, in my book, be more fitting in a petition to repeal the First Amendment than on any list of songs I’d recommend. But that’s just me.
One I have not mentioned only to save it for last. And, yes, it is my choice for best, but more importantly it’s my choice for most relevant. In the Sixties it was intended to wake us up and keep us woke. And, oh, how we need that now! From the Chambers Brothers:
“Time Has Come Today.”
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*The books on 1969 and 1971 are page-turning, eye-opening reads, and I urge anyone interested in rock music or in the era to read both. The 1965 and 1967 entries are delightful treats that I recommend for those my age who care to indulge in nostalgia.
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***John adds that, though called a “banjo roll,” it can be played on guitar. And so it is on the original single in 1968 and on the album, Bridge Over Troubled Water. Whether Simon could play it then but can’t now, or if it was played by Fred Carter Jr. who has a guitar credit on the album is not clear. Meanwhile, here’s Simon’s duet with Giddens on “American Tune”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OPWNiVdnU8Y